RFC Abstracts
RFC2684 - Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5
This memo replaces RFC 1483. It describes two encapsulations methods for carrying network interconnect traffic over AAL type 5 over ATM. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2683 - IMAP4 Implementation Recommendations
The IMAP4 specification describes a rich protocol for use in building clients and servers for storage, retrieval, and manipulation of electronic mail. Because the protocol is so rich and has so many implementation choices, there are often trade-offs that must be made and issues that must be considered when designing such clients and servers. This document attempts to outline these issues and to make recommendations in order to make the end products as interoperable as possible. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2682 - Performance Issues in VC-Merge Capable ATM LSRs
This document investigates the impact of VC merging on the additional buffer required for the reassembly buffers and other buffers. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2681 - A Round-trip Delay Metric for IPPM
This memo defines a metric for round-trip delay of packets across Internet paths. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2680 - A One-way Packet Loss Metric for IPPM
This memo defines a metric for one-way packet loss across Internet paths. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2679 - A One-way Delay Metric for IPPM
This memo defines a metric for one-way delay of packets across Internet paths. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2678 - IPPM Metrics for Measuring Connectivity
This memo defines a series of metrics for connectivity between a pair of Internet hosts. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2677 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP)
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2676 - QoS Routing Mechanisms and OSPF Extensions
This memo describes extensions to the OSPF protocol to support QoS routes. The focus of this document is on the algorithms used to compute QoS routes and on the necessary modifications to OSPF to support this function, e.g., the information needed, its format, how it is distributed, and how it is used by the QoS path selection process. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2675 - IPv6 Jumbograms
This document describes the IPv6 Jumbo Payload option, which provides the means of specifying such large payload lengths. It also describes the changes needed to TCP and UDP to make use of jumbograms. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2674 - Definitions of Managed Objects for Bridges with Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LAN Extensions
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP based internets. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2673 - Binary Labels in the Domain Name System
This document defines a "Bit-String Label" which may appear within domain names. This new label type compactly represents a sequence of "One-Bit Labels" and enables resource records to be stored at any bit- boundary in a binary-named section of the domain name tree. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2672 - Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection
This document defines a new DNS Resource Record called "DNAME", which provides the capability to map an entire subtree of the DNS name space to another domain. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2671 - Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)
The Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of fixed fields whose range has been or soon will be exhausted and does not allow clients to advertise their capabilities to servers. This document describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing the protocol to grow. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2670 - Radio Frequency (RF) Interface Management Information Base for MCNS/DOCSIS compliant RF interfaces
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it defines a basic set of managed objects for SNMP-based management of MCNS/DOCSIS compliant Radio Frequency (RF) interfaces. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2669 - DOCSIS Cable Device MIB Cable Device Management Information Base for DOCSIS compliant Cable Modems and Cable Modem Termination Systems
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it defines a basic set of managed objects for SNMP-based management of DOCSIS 1.0 compliant Cable Modems and Cable Modem Termination Systems. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2668 - Definitions of Managed Objects for IEEE 802.3 Medium Attachment Units (MAUs)
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2667 - IP Tunnel MIB
This memo defines a Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it describes managed objects used for managing tunnels of any type over IPv4 networks. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2666 - Definitions of Object Identifiers for Identifying Ethernet Chip Sets
This memo defines OBJECT IDENTIFIER values for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2665 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like Interface Types
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2664 - FYI on Questions and Answers - Answers to Commonly Asked "New Internet User" Questions
This memo provides an overview to the new Internet User. The intended audience is the common Internet user of today, thus it attempts to provide a more consumer oriented approach to the Internet rather than going into any depth about a topic. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2663 - IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considerations
This document attempts to describe the operation of NAT devices and the associated considerations in general, and to define the terminology used to identify various flavors of NAT. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2662 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the ADSL Lines
This document defines a standard SNMP MIB for ADSL lines based on the ADSL Forum standard data model. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2661 - Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP"
This document describes the Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP). [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2660 - The Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol
This memo describes a syntax for securing messages sent using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which forms the basis for the World Wide Web. Secure HTTP (S-HTTP) provides independently applicable security services for transaction confidentiality, authenticity/integrity and non-repudiability of origin.
RFC2659 - Security Extensions For HTML
This memo describes a syntax for embedding S-HTTP negotiation parameters in HTML documents. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2658 - RTP Payload Format for PureVoice(tm) Audio
This document describes the RTP payload format for PureVoice(tm) Audio. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2657 - LDAPv2 Client vs. the Index Mesh
LDAPv2 clients as implemented according to RFC 1777 have no notion on referral. The integration between such a client and an Index Mesh, as defined by the Common Indexing Protocol, heavily depends on referrals and therefore needs to be handled in a special way. This document defines one possible way of doing this. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2656 - Registration Procedures for SOIF Template Types
The registration procedure described in this document is specific to SOIF template types. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2655 - CIP Index Object Format for SOIF Objects
This document describes SOIF, the Summary Object Interchange Format, as an index object type in the context of the CIP framework. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2654 - A Tagged Index Object for use in the Common Indexing Protocol
This document defines a mechanism by which information servers can exchange indices of information from their databases by making use of the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP). This document defines the structure of the index information being exchanged, as well as the appropriate meanings for the headers that are defined in the Common Indexing Protocol. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2653 - CIP Transport Protocols
This document specifies three protocols for transporting CIP requests, responses and index objects, utilizing TCP, mail, and HTTP. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2652 - MIME Object Definitions for the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP)
This document describes the definitions of those objects as well as the methods and requirements needed to define a new index type. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2651 - The Architecture of the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP)
This document describes the CIP framework, including its architecture and the protocol specifics of exchanging indices. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2650 - Using RPSL in Practice
This document is a tutorial on using the Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL) to describe routing policies in the Internet Routing Registry (IRR). This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2649 - An LDAP Control and Schema for Holding Operation Signatures
This document describes an LDAP message control which allows for the retrieval of digitally signed information. This document defines an LDAP v3 based mechanism for signing directory operations in order to create a secure journal of changes that have been made to each directory entry. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2648 - A URN Namespace for IETF Documents
This document proposes the "ietf" namespace, which consists of the RFC family of documents (RFCs, STDs, FYIs, and BCPs) developed by the IETF and published by the RFC Editor and the minutes of working groups (WG) and birds of a feather (BOF) meetings that occur during IETF conferences. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2647 - Benchmarking Terminology for Firewall Performance
This document defines terms used in measuring the performance of firewalls. It extends the terminology already used for benchmarking routers and switches with definitions specific to firewalls. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2646 - The Text/Plain Format Parameter
This memo proposes a new parameter to be used with Text/Plain, and, in the presence of this parameter, the use of trailing whitespace to indicate flowed lines. This results in an encoding which appears as normal Text/Plain in older implementations, since it is in fact normal Text/Plain. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2645 - ON-DEMAND MAIL RELAY (ODMR) SMTP with Dynamic IP Addresses
This memo proposes a new service, On-Demand Mail Relay (ODMR), which is a profile of SMTP, providing for a secure, extensible, easy to implement approach to the problem. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2644 - Changing the Default for Directed Broadcasts in Routers
This document discusses and defines a number of tests that may be used to describe the performance characteristics of a network interconnecting device. In addition to defining the tests this document also describes specific formats for reporting the results of the tests. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2643 - Cabletron's SecureFast VLAN Operational Model
Cabletron's SecureFast VLAN (SFVLAN) product implements a distributed connection-oriented switching protocol that provides fast forwarding of data packets at the MAC layer. The product uses the concept of virtual LANs (VLANs) to determine the validity of call connection requests and to scope the broadcast of certain flooded messages. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2642 - Cabletron's VLS Protocol Specification
VLSP provides support for equal-cost multipath routing, and recalculates routes quickly in the face of topological changes, utilizing a minimum of routing protocol traffic. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2641 - Cabletron's VlanHello Protocol Specification Version 4
The VlanHello protocol is part of the InterSwitch Message Protocol (ISMP) which provides interswitch communication between switches running Cabletron's SecureFast VLAN (SFVLAN) product. Switches use the VlanHello protocol to discover their neighboring switches and establish the topology of the switch fabric. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2640 - Internationalization of the File Transfer Protocol
This document addresses the internationalization (I18n) of FTP, which includes supporting the multiple character sets and languages found throughout the Internet community. This is achieved by extending the FTP specification and giving recommendations for proper internationalization support. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2639 - Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Implementer's Guide
This document contains information that supplements the IPP Model and Semantics and the IPP Transport and Encoding documents. It is intended to help implementers understand IPP/1.0 and some of the considerations that may assist them in the design of their client and/or IPP object implementations. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2638 - A Two-bit Differentiated Services Architecture for the Internet
This document presents a differentiated services architecture for the internet. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2637 - Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
This document specifies a protocol which allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2636 - Wireless Device Configuration (OTASP/OTAPA) via ACAP
This paper describes a viable and attractive means to provide OTASP/OTAPA via IS-707, using the ACAP protocol. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2635 - DON'T SPEW A Set of Guidelines for Mass Unsolicited Mailings and Postings (spam*)
This document explains why mass unsolicited electronic mail messages are harmful in the Internetworking community. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
This memo replaces RFC 1483. It describes two encapsulations methods for carrying network interconnect traffic over AAL type 5 over ATM. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2683 - IMAP4 Implementation Recommendations
The IMAP4 specification describes a rich protocol for use in building clients and servers for storage, retrieval, and manipulation of electronic mail. Because the protocol is so rich and has so many implementation choices, there are often trade-offs that must be made and issues that must be considered when designing such clients and servers. This document attempts to outline these issues and to make recommendations in order to make the end products as interoperable as possible. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2682 - Performance Issues in VC-Merge Capable ATM LSRs
This document investigates the impact of VC merging on the additional buffer required for the reassembly buffers and other buffers. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2681 - A Round-trip Delay Metric for IPPM
This memo defines a metric for round-trip delay of packets across Internet paths. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2680 - A One-way Packet Loss Metric for IPPM
This memo defines a metric for one-way packet loss across Internet paths. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2679 - A One-way Delay Metric for IPPM
This memo defines a metric for one-way delay of packets across Internet paths. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2678 - IPPM Metrics for Measuring Connectivity
This memo defines a series of metrics for connectivity between a pair of Internet hosts. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2677 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP)
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2676 - QoS Routing Mechanisms and OSPF Extensions
This memo describes extensions to the OSPF protocol to support QoS routes. The focus of this document is on the algorithms used to compute QoS routes and on the necessary modifications to OSPF to support this function, e.g., the information needed, its format, how it is distributed, and how it is used by the QoS path selection process. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2675 - IPv6 Jumbograms
This document describes the IPv6 Jumbo Payload option, which provides the means of specifying such large payload lengths. It also describes the changes needed to TCP and UDP to make use of jumbograms. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2674 - Definitions of Managed Objects for Bridges with Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LAN Extensions
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP based internets. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2673 - Binary Labels in the Domain Name System
This document defines a "Bit-String Label" which may appear within domain names. This new label type compactly represents a sequence of "One-Bit Labels" and enables resource records to be stored at any bit- boundary in a binary-named section of the domain name tree. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2672 - Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection
This document defines a new DNS Resource Record called "DNAME", which provides the capability to map an entire subtree of the DNS name space to another domain. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2671 - Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)
The Domain Name System's wire protocol includes a number of fixed fields whose range has been or soon will be exhausted and does not allow clients to advertise their capabilities to servers. This document describes backward compatible mechanisms for allowing the protocol to grow. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2670 - Radio Frequency (RF) Interface Management Information Base for MCNS/DOCSIS compliant RF interfaces
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it defines a basic set of managed objects for SNMP-based management of MCNS/DOCSIS compliant Radio Frequency (RF) interfaces. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2669 - DOCSIS Cable Device MIB Cable Device Management Information Base for DOCSIS compliant Cable Modems and Cable Modem Termination Systems
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it defines a basic set of managed objects for SNMP-based management of DOCSIS 1.0 compliant Cable Modems and Cable Modem Termination Systems. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2668 - Definitions of Managed Objects for IEEE 802.3 Medium Attachment Units (MAUs)
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2667 - IP Tunnel MIB
This memo defines a Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it describes managed objects used for managing tunnels of any type over IPv4 networks. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2666 - Definitions of Object Identifiers for Identifying Ethernet Chip Sets
This memo defines OBJECT IDENTIFIER values for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2665 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like Interface Types
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2664 - FYI on Questions and Answers - Answers to Commonly Asked "New Internet User" Questions
This memo provides an overview to the new Internet User. The intended audience is the common Internet user of today, thus it attempts to provide a more consumer oriented approach to the Internet rather than going into any depth about a topic. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2663 - IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considerations
This document attempts to describe the operation of NAT devices and the associated considerations in general, and to define the terminology used to identify various flavors of NAT. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2662 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the ADSL Lines
This document defines a standard SNMP MIB for ADSL lines based on the ADSL Forum standard data model. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2661 - Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP"
This document describes the Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP). [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2660 - The Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol
This memo describes a syntax for securing messages sent using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which forms the basis for the World Wide Web. Secure HTTP (S-HTTP) provides independently applicable security services for transaction confidentiality, authenticity/integrity and non-repudiability of origin.
RFC2659 - Security Extensions For HTML
This memo describes a syntax for embedding S-HTTP negotiation parameters in HTML documents. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2658 - RTP Payload Format for PureVoice(tm) Audio
This document describes the RTP payload format for PureVoice(tm) Audio. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2657 - LDAPv2 Client vs. the Index Mesh
LDAPv2 clients as implemented according to RFC 1777 have no notion on referral. The integration between such a client and an Index Mesh, as defined by the Common Indexing Protocol, heavily depends on referrals and therefore needs to be handled in a special way. This document defines one possible way of doing this. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2656 - Registration Procedures for SOIF Template Types
The registration procedure described in this document is specific to SOIF template types. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2655 - CIP Index Object Format for SOIF Objects
This document describes SOIF, the Summary Object Interchange Format, as an index object type in the context of the CIP framework. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2654 - A Tagged Index Object for use in the Common Indexing Protocol
This document defines a mechanism by which information servers can exchange indices of information from their databases by making use of the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP). This document defines the structure of the index information being exchanged, as well as the appropriate meanings for the headers that are defined in the Common Indexing Protocol. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2653 - CIP Transport Protocols
This document specifies three protocols for transporting CIP requests, responses and index objects, utilizing TCP, mail, and HTTP. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2652 - MIME Object Definitions for the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP)
This document describes the definitions of those objects as well as the methods and requirements needed to define a new index type. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2651 - The Architecture of the Common Indexing Protocol (CIP)
This document describes the CIP framework, including its architecture and the protocol specifics of exchanging indices. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2650 - Using RPSL in Practice
This document is a tutorial on using the Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL) to describe routing policies in the Internet Routing Registry (IRR). This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2649 - An LDAP Control and Schema for Holding Operation Signatures
This document describes an LDAP message control which allows for the retrieval of digitally signed information. This document defines an LDAP v3 based mechanism for signing directory operations in order to create a secure journal of changes that have been made to each directory entry. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC2648 - A URN Namespace for IETF Documents
This document proposes the "ietf" namespace, which consists of the RFC family of documents (RFCs, STDs, FYIs, and BCPs) developed by the IETF and published by the RFC Editor and the minutes of working groups (WG) and birds of a feather (BOF) meetings that occur during IETF conferences. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2647 - Benchmarking Terminology for Firewall Performance
This document defines terms used in measuring the performance of firewalls. It extends the terminology already used for benchmarking routers and switches with definitions specific to firewalls. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2646 - The Text/Plain Format Parameter
This memo proposes a new parameter to be used with Text/Plain, and, in the presence of this parameter, the use of trailing whitespace to indicate flowed lines. This results in an encoding which appears as normal Text/Plain in older implementations, since it is in fact normal Text/Plain. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2645 - ON-DEMAND MAIL RELAY (ODMR) SMTP with Dynamic IP Addresses
This memo proposes a new service, On-Demand Mail Relay (ODMR), which is a profile of SMTP, providing for a secure, extensible, easy to implement approach to the problem. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2644 - Changing the Default for Directed Broadcasts in Routers
This document discusses and defines a number of tests that may be used to describe the performance characteristics of a network interconnecting device. In addition to defining the tests this document also describes specific formats for reporting the results of the tests. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2643 - Cabletron's SecureFast VLAN Operational Model
Cabletron's SecureFast VLAN (SFVLAN) product implements a distributed connection-oriented switching protocol that provides fast forwarding of data packets at the MAC layer. The product uses the concept of virtual LANs (VLANs) to determine the validity of call connection requests and to scope the broadcast of certain flooded messages. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2642 - Cabletron's VLS Protocol Specification
VLSP provides support for equal-cost multipath routing, and recalculates routes quickly in the face of topological changes, utilizing a minimum of routing protocol traffic. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2641 - Cabletron's VlanHello Protocol Specification Version 4
The VlanHello protocol is part of the InterSwitch Message Protocol (ISMP) which provides interswitch communication between switches running Cabletron's SecureFast VLAN (SFVLAN) product. Switches use the VlanHello protocol to discover their neighboring switches and establish the topology of the switch fabric. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2640 - Internationalization of the File Transfer Protocol
This document addresses the internationalization (I18n) of FTP, which includes supporting the multiple character sets and languages found throughout the Internet community. This is achieved by extending the FTP specification and giving recommendations for proper internationalization support. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC2639 - Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Implementer's Guide
This document contains information that supplements the IPP Model and Semantics and the IPP Transport and Encoding documents. It is intended to help implementers understand IPP/1.0 and some of the considerations that may assist them in the design of their client and/or IPP object implementations. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2638 - A Two-bit Differentiated Services Architecture for the Internet
This document presents a differentiated services architecture for the internet. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2637 - Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
This document specifies a protocol which allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2636 - Wireless Device Configuration (OTASP/OTAPA) via ACAP
This paper describes a viable and attractive means to provide OTASP/OTAPA via IS-707, using the ACAP protocol. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC2635 - DON'T SPEW A Set of Guidelines for Mass Unsolicited Mailings and Postings (spam*)
This document explains why mass unsolicited electronic mail messages are harmful in the Internetworking community. This memo provides information for the Internet community.